DSL technologies offer dependable access to the World Wide Web (WWW), by overcoming traffic grid locks. They enable such technologies as Tele Health, Tele Education, Tele Conferencing, Tele Working, Tele Training etc. Technologies like ATM over ADSL transform the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) into a broadband multimedia network.

Downstream rates in DSL transmissions depend on a number of variables including telephone wire condition, thickness and type.  A heavier 24 gauge wire is more helpful in transmitting information as compared to a thinner 26 gauge one. Usually Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cable is recommended for DSL installation.

DSL transmissions over local loop are susceptible to loss in signal strength during transmission, dispersion and signal impairment. The signal becomes distorted over large line lengths too. Mixed wire gauges used in coils and telephone lines leads to interference with signal integrity.

Faulty equipment at customer’s site, presence of bridge taps and noise generated by wiring at the customer premise all contribute to signal degradation and problems with transmission of DSL signals (Littman, 2002). The process of planning, deploying and maintaining DSL services of Public Switched Telephone Networks (PSTNs) is quite involved.

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